Browsing by Author "Andrejko KL"

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    Mixed methods approach to examining the implementation experience of a phone-based survey for a SARS-CoV-2 test-negative case-control study in California.
    (2024) Fukui N; Li SS; DeGuzman J; Myers JF; Openshaw J; Sharma A; Watt J; Lewnard JA; Jain S; Andrejko KL; Pry JM; Center for Computational Biology, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America.; California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States of America.; Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America.; Division of Infectious Diseases & Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.; The Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.; College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America.; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America.; University of Washington, Hans Rosling Center, Global Health, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the implementation of a test-negative design case-control study in California during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. STUDY DESIGN: Test-negative case-control study. METHODS: Between February 24, 2021 - February 24, 2022, a team of 34 interviewers called 38,470 Californians, enrolling 1,885 that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (cases) and 1,871 testing negative for SARS-CoV-2 (controls) for 20-minute telephone survey. We estimated adjusted odds ratios for answering the phone and consenting to participate using mixed effects logistic regression. We used a web-based anonymous survey to compile interviewer experiences. RESULTS: Cases had 1.29-fold (95% CI: 1.24-1.35) higher adjusted odds of answering the phone and 1.69-fold (1.56-1.83) higher adjusted odds of consenting to participate compared to controls. Calls placed from 4pm to 6pm had the highest adjusted odds of being answered. Some interviewers experienced mental wellness challenges interacting with participants with physical (e.g., food, shelter, etc.) and emotional (e.g., grief counseling) needs, and enduring verbal harassment from individuals called. CONCLUSIONS: Calls placed during afternoon hours may optimize response rate when enrolling controls to a case-control study during a public health emergency response. Proactive check-ins and continual collection of interviewer experience(s) and may help maintain mental wellbeing of investigation workforce. Remaining adaptive to the dynamic needs of the investigation team is critical to a successful study, especially in emergent public health crises, like that represented by the COVID-19 pandemic.