Browsing by Author "Baqar S"

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    Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccines: Priority activities to enable product development, licensure, and global access.
    (2021-Jul-13) Khalil I; Walker R; Porter CK; Muhib F; Chilengi R; Cravioto A; Guerrant R; Svennerholm AM; Qadri F; Baqar S; Kosek M; Kang G; Lanata C; Armah G; Wierzba T; Hasso-Agopsowicz M; Giersing B; Louis Bourgeois A; WHO, Switzerland. Electronic address: ikhalil@uw.edu.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Zambia.; Christian Medical College Vellore, India.; NMRC, USA.; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, USA.; WHO, Switzerland.; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Ghana.; University of Virginia, USA.; University of Gothenburg, Sweden.; Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Peru.; icddr, b, Bangladesh.; PATH, USA.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    Diarrhoeal disease attributable to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes substantial morbidity and mortality predominantly in paediatric populations in low- and middle-income countries. In addition to acute illness, there is an increasing appreciation of the long-term consequences of enteric infections, including ETEC, on childhood growth and development. Provision of potable water and sanitation and appropriate clinical care for acute illness are critical to reduce the ETEC burden. However, these interventions are not always practical and may not achieve equitable and sustainable coverage. Vaccination may be the most cost-effective and equitable means of primary prevention; however, additional data are needed to accelerate the investment and guide the decision-making process for ETEC vaccines. First, to understand and quantify the ETEC disease burden, additional data are needed on the association between ETEC infection and physical and cognitive stunting as well as delayed educational attainment. Furthermore, the role of inappropriate or inadequate antibiotic treatment of ETEC-attributable diarrhoea may contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and needs further elucidation. An ETEC vaccine that mitigates acute diarrhoeal illness and minimizes the longer-term disease manifestations could have significant public health impact and be a cost-effective countermeasure. Herein we review the ETEC vaccine pipeline, led by candidates compatible with the general parameters of the Preferred Product Characteristics (PPC) recently developed by the World Health Organization. Additionally, we have developed an ETEC Vaccine Development Strategy to provide a framework to underpin priority activities for researchers, funders and vaccine manufacturers, with the goal of addressing globally unmet data needs in the areas of research, product development, and policy, as well as commercialization and delivery. The strategy also aims to guide prioritization and co-ordination of the priority activities needed to minimize the timeline to licensure and use of ETEC vaccines, especially in in low- and middle-income countries, where they are most urgently needed.
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    The 2022 Vaccines Against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VASE) Conference: Summary of abstract-based presentations.
    (2024-Mar-07) Banerjee S; Barry EM; Baqar S; Louis Bourgeois A; Campo JJ; Choy RKM; Chakraborty S; Clifford A; Deal C; Estrada M; Fleckenstein J; Hasso-Agopsowicz M; Hausdorff W; Khalil I; Maier N; Mubanga C; Platts-Mills JA; Porter C; Qadri F; Simuyandi M; Walker R; White JA; Washington University School of Medicine, United States.; PATH, United States. Electronic address: aclifford@path.org.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Zambia.; Antigen Discovery, Inc, United States.; PATH, United States; Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.; ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, India.; PATH, United States.; Naval Medical Research Command, United States.; World Health Organization, Switzerland.; University of Washington, United States.; US National Institutes of Health, United States.; Johns Hopkins University, United States.; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, United States.; ICDDR,B, Bangladesh.; University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    The global nonprofit organization PATH hosted the third Vaccines Against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VASE) Conference in Washington, DC, on November 29 to December 1, 2022. With a combination of plenary sessions and posters, keynote presentations, and breakout workshops, the 2022 VASE Conference featured key updates on research related to the development of vaccines against neglected diarrheal pathogens including Shigella, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Campylobacter, and Salmonella. The presentations and discussions highlighted the significant impact of these diarrheal pathogens, particularly on the health of infants and young children in low- and middle-income countries, reflecting the urgent need for the development and licensure of new enteric vaccines. Oral and poster presentations at the VASE Conference explored a range of topics, including: the global burden and clinical presentation of disease, epidemiology, and the impact of interventions; the assessment of the value of vaccines against enteric pathogens; preclinical evaluations of vaccine candidates and models of enteric diseases; vaccine candidates in clinical trials and human challenge models; host parameters and genomics that predict responses to infection and disease; the application of new omics technologies for characterization of emerging pathogens and host responses; novel adjuvants, vaccine delivery platforms, and immunization strategies; and strategies for combination/co-administered vaccines. The conference agenda also featured ten breakout workshop sessions on topics of importance to the enteric vaccine field, which are summarized separately. This article reviews key points and highlighted research presented in each of the plenary conference sessions and poster presentations at the 2022 VASE Conference.