Browsing by Author "Bates, Matthew"

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    Epstein-Barr Virus Detection in the Central Nervous System of HIV-Infected Patients.
    (2022-Sep-22) Musukuma-Chifulo, Kalo; Siddiqi, Omar K.; Chilyabanyama, Obvious N.; Bates, Matthew; Chisenga, Caroline C.; Simuyandi, Michelo; Sinkala, Edford; Dang, Xin; Koralnik, Igor J.; Chilengi, Roma; Munsaka, Sody
    Simply detecting Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid (EBV-DNA) is insufficient to diagnose EBV-associated diseases. The current literature around EBV-DNA detection from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive non-lymphoma patients was systematically reviewed and a meta-analysis reporting the estimated pooled prevalence in this population when PCR methods are employed, targeting different sequence segments within the EBV genome, was conducted. Using a combination of three key concepts-Epstein-Barr virus detection, central nervous system disease, and human cerebrospinal fluid-and their MeSH terms, the PubMed database was searched. A total of 273 papers reporting the detection of EBV in CNS were screened, of which 13 met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence of EBV-DNA in CSF of 20% (CI: 12-31%). The highest pooled prevalence was from studies conducted on the African population at 39% (CI: 27-51%). The investigation of the presence of EBV-DNA in the CSF was also very varied, with several gene targets used. While most patients from the articles included in this review and meta-analysis were symptomatic of CNS disorders, the pathogenicity of EBV in non-lymphoma HIV patients when detected in CSF has still not been determined. The presence of EBV-DNA in the CNS remains a concern, and further research is warranted to understand its significance in causing CNS disorders.
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    Mosquito-Borne Viral Pathogens Detected in Zambia: A Systematic Review.
    (2021-Aug-10) Velu, Rachel M.; Kwenda, Geoffrey; Libonda, Liyali; Chisenga, Caroline C.; Flavien, Bumbangi N.; Chilyabanyama, Obvious N.; Simunyandi, Michelo; Bosomprah, Samuel; Sande, Nicholus C.; Changula, Katendi; Muleya, Walter; Mburu, Monicah M.; Mubemba, Benjamin; Chitanga, Simbarashe; Tembo, John; Bates, Matthew; Kapata, Nathan; Orba, Yasuko ; Kajihara, Masahiro; Takada, Ayato; Sawa, Hirofumi ; Chilengi, Roma; Simulundu, Edgar
    Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases are a threat to global health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence of mosquito-borne viral pathogens reported in Zambia. A search of literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 1 January 1930 to 30 June 2020 using a combination of keywords. Eight mosquito-borne viruses belonging to three families,