Browsing by Author "Bates M"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characterizing Epstein-Barr virus infection of the central nervous system in Zambian adults living with HIV.
    (2023-Dec) Musukuma-Chifulo K; Ghebremichael M; Chilyabanyama ON; Bates M; Munsaka S; Simuyandi M; Chisenga C; Tembo J; Sinkala E; Koralnik IJ; Dang X; Chilengi R; Siddiqi OK; Harvard Medical School and Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. kalomusukuma@gmail.com.; Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.; Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. kalomusukuma@gmail.com.; Center for Vaccines and Virology Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.; HerpeZ, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.; Global Neurology Program, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia.; School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    The significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection in the cerebrospinal spinal fluid (CSF) in people living with HIV (PLWH) is not entirely understood. The detection of EBV DNA may represent active central nervous system (CNS) infection, reactivation in the setting of another CNS pathogen or due to impaired immunity, or detection of quiescent virus. We screened 470 adult PLWH in Zambia with neurological symptoms for the presence of EBV DNA in the CSF. We performed quantitative EBV PCR on the CSF and blood. We then performed quantitative EBV DNA PCR on the blood of controls with documented HIV viral suppression without CNS symptoms. The prevalence of EBV DNA in the CSF of patients with CNS symptoms was 28.9% (136/470). EBV DNA positivity was associated with younger age, shorter duration of HIV diagnosis, lower CSF glucose levels, higher CSF protein and white blood cell levels, and a positive CSF Mycobacterium tuberculosis result. The median EBV DNA load was 8000 cps/mL in both the CSF and blood with a range of 2000-2,753,000 cps/mL in the CSF and 1000 to 1,871,000 cps/mL in the blood. Molecular screening of CSF for other possible causes of infection identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 30.1% and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in 10.5% of samples. EBV DNA load in the blood and CSF was not associated with mortality. Our results suggest that even though EBV DNA was commonly detected in the CSF of our population, it appears to have limited clinical significance regardless of EBV DNA load.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Ecological Niche Modeling of
    (2023-Sep-08) Velu RM; Kwenda G; Bosomprah S; Chisola MN; Simunyandi M; Chisenga CC; Bumbangi FN; Sande NC; Simubali L; Mburu MM; Tembo J; Bates M; Simuunza MC; Chilengi R; Orba Y; Sawa H; Simulundu E; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.; Macha Research Trust, Choma P.O. Box 630166, Zambia.; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan.; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka P.O. Box 51925, Zambia.; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG13, Ghana.; National Malaria Elimination Centre, Chainama Hills Hospital Grounds, Lusaka P.O. Box 32509, Zambia.; Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7TS, UK.; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.; Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; International Collaboration Unit, Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.; Department of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Eden University, Lusaka P.O. Box 37727, Zambia.; HerpeZ, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    The circulation of both West Nile Virus (WNV) and Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) in humans and animals, coupled with a favorable tropical climate for mosquito proliferation in Zambia, call for the need for a better understanding of the ecological and epidemiological factors that govern their transmission dynamics in this region. This study aimed to examine the contribution of climatic variables to the distribution of
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Epstein-Barr Virus Detection in the Central Nervous System of HIV-Infected Patients.
    (2022-Sep-22) Musukuma-Chifulo K; Siddiqi OK; Chilyabanyama ON; Bates M; Chisenga CC; Simuyandi M; Sinkala E; Dang X; Koralnik IJ; Chilengi R; Munsaka S; HerpeZ Infection Research and Training, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka Private Bag RW1X Ridgeway, Lusaka P.O. Box 10101, Zambia.; Department of Biomedical Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; Department of Research, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.; School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Virology and Vaccines Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; Global Neurology Program, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    Simply detecting Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid (EBV-DNA) is insufficient to diagnose EBV-associated diseases. The current literature around EBV-DNA detection from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive non-lymphoma patients was systematically reviewed and a meta-analysis reporting the estimated pooled prevalence in this population when PCR methods are employed, targeting different sequence segments within the EBV genome, was conducted. Using a combination of three key concepts-Epstein-Barr virus detection, central nervous system disease, and human cerebrospinal fluid-and their MeSH terms, the PubMed database was searched. A total of 273 papers reporting the detection of EBV in CNS were screened, of which 13 met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence of EBV-DNA in CSF of 20% (CI: 12-31%). The highest pooled prevalence was from studies conducted on the African population at 39% (CI: 27-51%). The investigation of the presence of EBV-DNA in the CSF was also very varied, with several gene targets used. While most patients from the articles included in this review and meta-analysis were symptomatic of CNS disorders, the pathogenicity of EBV in non-lymphoma HIV patients when detected in CSF has still not been determined. The presence of EBV-DNA in the CNS remains a concern, and further research is warranted to understand its significance in causing CNS disorders.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Mosquito-Borne Viral Pathogens Detected in Zambia: A Systematic Review.
    (2021-Aug-10) Velu RM; Kwenda G; Libonda L; Chisenga CC; Flavien BN; Chilyabanyama ON; Simunyandi M; Bosomprah S; Sande NC; Changula K; Muleya W; Mburu MM; Mubemba B; Chitanga S; Tembo J; Bates M; Kapata N; Orba Y; Kajihara M; Takada A; Sawa H; Chilengi R; Simulundu E; HerpeZ Infection Research and Training, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka Private Bag RW1X Ridgeway, Lusaka P.O. Box 10101, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.; School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.; School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.; Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Macha Research Trust, Choma P.O. Box 630166, Zambia.; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek Private Bag 13301, Namibia.; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG13, Ghana.; Africa Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe P.O. Box 21692, Zambia.; Global Virus Network, 725 W Lombard St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka P.O. Box 30205, Zambia.; Department of Disease Control and Prevention, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Eden University, Lusaka P.O. Box 37727, Zambia.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases are a threat to global health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence of mosquito-borne viral pathogens reported in Zambia. A search of literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 1 January 1930 to 30 June 2020 using a combination of keywords. Eight mosquito-borne viruses belonging to three families,