Browsing by Author "Billima-Mulenga T"

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    Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction are Associated with Poor Growth and Developmental Outcomes among Young Children in Lusaka, Zambia.
    (2025-Feb) Lauer JM; Pyykkö J; Chembe M; Billima-Mulenga T; Sikazwe D; Chibwe B; Henderson S; Parkerson D; Leppänen JM; Fink G; Locks LM; Rockers PC; Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Electronic address: jmlauer@bu.edu.; Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA. Electronic address: jmlauer@bu.edu.; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.; University of Basel and Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.; Innovations for Poverty Action, Washington, DC.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Innovations for Poverty Action Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    OBJECTIVE: To examine cross-sectional relationships between biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), an acquired subclinical condition of the small intestine, and anthropometric and developmental outcomes among children in Lusaka, Zambia. STUDY DESIGN: Serum samples were collected from 240 children aged 27 to 35 months enrolled in a cluster-randomized trial assessing the effects of growth charts and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements on linear growth. Samples were analyzed using the 11-plex Micronutrient and EED Assessment Tool, which incorporates 2 biomarkers of EED, namely intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a marker of epithelial damage, and soluble CD14 (sCD14), a marker of microbial translocation. Associations between log RESULTS: Mean ± SD HAZ was -1.94 ± 1.10. Higher sCD14 and I-FABP concentrations were significantly associated with lower HAZ (β: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.41, -0.01 and β: -0.20, 95% CI: -0.32, -0.08, respectively). Higher I-FABP concentrations were significantly associated with lower development-for-age z-score (β: -0.22, 95% CI: -0.40, -0.03) and slower SRT (β: 7.37 ms, 95% CI: 2.02, 12.72) as were higher alpha-1-acid glycoprotein concentrations (HAZ β: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.72, -0.03; SRT β: 11.14 ms, 95% CI: 0.94, 21.72). CONCLUSIONS: In children in Lusaka, biomarkers of EED were associated with poor anthropometric and developmental outcomes, underscoring the need for interventions to address EED to improve child health globally. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier for parent trial: NCT05120427. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05120427.