Browsing by Author "Ellman T"

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    Emerging priorities for HIV service delivery.
    (2020-Feb) Ford N; Geng E; Ellman T; Orrell C; Ehrenkranz P; Sikazwe I; Jahn A; Rabkin M; Ayisi Addo S; Grimsrud A; Rosen S; Zulu I; Reidy W; Lejone T; Apollo T; Holmes C; Kolling AF; Phate Lesihla R; Nguyen HH; Bakashaba B; Chitembo L; Tiriste G; Doherty M; Bygrave H; National AIDS Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Accra, Ghana.; Department HIV, World Health Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; ICAP, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America.; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.; National AIDS Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Maseru, Lesotho.; Southern African Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa.; Department of Surveillance, Prevention and Control of STIs, HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis, Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil.; SolidarMed, Swiss Organization for Health in Africa, Butha-Buthe, Lesotho.; The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.; International AIDS Society, Cape Town, South Africa.; Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.; Division of Global HIV & TB, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America.; Treatment and Care Department, Viet Nam Authority of HIV/AIDS Control, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Ministry of Health and Child Care Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.; Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi.; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa.; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.; Department HIV, World Health Organization Lusaka, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department HIV & Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.; Center for Dissemination and Implementation, Institute for Public Health, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    Nathan Ford and co-authors discuss global priorities in the provision of HIV prevention and treatment services.
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    Sustainable HIV treatment in Africa through viral-load-informed differentiated care.
    (2015-Dec-03) Phillips A; Shroufi A; Vojnov L; Cohn J; Roberts T; Ellman T; Bonner K; Rousseau C; Garnett G; Cambiano V; Nakagawa F; Ford D; Bansi-Matharu L; Miners A; Lundgren JD; Eaton JW; Parkes-Ratanshi R; Katz Z; Maman D; Ford N; Vitoria M; Doherty M; Dowdy D; Nichols B; Murtagh M; Wareham M; Palamountain KM; Chakanyuka Musanhu C; Stevens W; Katzenstein D; Ciaranello A; Barnabas R; Braithwaite RS; Bendavid E; Nathoo KJ; van de Vijver D; Wilson DP; Holmes C; Bershteyn A; Walker S; Raizes E; Jani I; Nelson LJ; Peeling R; Terris-Prestholt F; Murungu J; Mutasa-Apollo T; Hallett TB; Revill P; Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Ministry of Health, PO Box 264, Maputo, Mozambique.; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street E6531, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street Office 615, New York, New York 10016, USA.; Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI), College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, PO Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda.; Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, 2001 Sheridan Road Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.; Medicine, Global Health and Epidemiology, University of Washington (UW), 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, UK.; International Diagnostics Centre, London School of Hygiene &Tropical, Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.; HIV/AIDS and Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, 20 Ave Appia 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.; Division of Infectious Disease, Laboratory Grant Building S-146, Office Lane 154, Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5107, USA.; CHIP, Department of infectious diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 92100 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, 5032 Great North Road, Lusaka, Zambia.; Health Services Research &Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Room 134, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SY, UK.; The Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy (S/GAC), U.S. Department of State, SA-22, Suite 10300, 2201 C Street, Washington DC 20520, USA.; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.; Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases, 50 Staniford Street, 936 Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.; Institute for Disease Modeling, 3150 139th Avenue SE, Bellevue, Washington 98005, USA.; Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK.; WHO Country Office 86 Enterprise Road Cnr, Glenara PO Box CY 348, Causeway Harare, Zimbabwe.; University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, PO Box A178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.; University of New South Wales, Level 6, Wallace Wurth Building, UNSW Campus, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.; Care and Treatment Branch Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS (GAP), CDC, MS-E04, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK.; Southern Africa Medical Unit (SAMU), Medecins sans Frontieres (MSF) SA, Waverley Business Park, Wyecroft Rd, Mowbray 7700, Cape Town, South Africa.; Médecins Sans Frontières, Access Campaign, rue du Lausanne 82, 1202 Geneva Switzerland.; Médecins Sans Frontières, 78 rue de Lausanne, Case Postale 116, 1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland.; Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.; Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, USA.; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 20403000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; Division of General Medical Disciplines, Department of Medicine Stanford University, MSOB 1265 Welch Road x332 Stanford, California 94305, USA.; Ministry of Health and Child Care, P. O CY 1122, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe.; MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials &Methodology, Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London WC2B 6NH, UK.; Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, PO Box 23350, Seattle, Washington 98199, USA.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    There are inefficiencies in current approaches to monitoring patients on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients typically attend clinics every 1 to 3 months for clinical assessment. The clinic costs are comparable with the costs of the drugs themselves and CD4 counts are measured every 6 months, but patients are rarely switched to second-line therapies. To ensure sustainability of treatment programmes, a transition to more cost-effective delivery of antiretroviral therapy is needed. In contrast to the CD4 count, measurement of the level of HIV RNA in plasma (the viral load) provides a direct measure of the current treatment effect. Viral-load-informed differentiated care is a means of tailoring care so that those with suppressed viral load visit the clinic less frequently and attention is focussed on those with unsuppressed viral load to promote adherence and timely switching to a second-line regimen. The most feasible approach to measuring viral load in many countries is to collect dried blood spot samples for testing in regional laboratories; however, there have been concerns over the sensitivity and specificity of this approach to define treatment failure and the delay in returning results to the clinic. We use modelling to synthesize evidence and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of viral-load-informed differentiated care, accounting for limitations of dried blood sample testing. We find that viral-load-informed differentiated care using dried blood sample testing is cost-effective and is a recommended strategy for patient monitoring, although further empirical evidence as the approach is rolled out would be of value. We also explore the potential benefits of point-of-care viral load tests that may become available in the future.