Browsing by Author "Mukubesa AN"

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    Antimicrobial resistance profiles of
    (2023-Jun) Mudenda S; Malama S; Munyeme M; Matafwali SK; Kapila P; Katemangwe P; Mainda G; Mukubesa AN; Hadunka MA; Muma JB; Department of Animal Health, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Veterinary Services, Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
    BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been deepening in the layer poultry sector in Zambia partly due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the phenotypic AMR profiles of METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2020 and April 2021 in which 365 cloacal swabs were collected from 77-layer farms based in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia. RESULTS: Of the 365 samples, CONCLUSION: This study found a high prevalence of
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    Microbiologic and virulence characteristics of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates from Zambian children presenting with acute pneumonia.
    (2022-Dec) Nawa M; Mwansa J; Mwaba J; Kaonga P; Mukubesa AN; Simuyandi M; Chisenga CC; Alabi P; Mwananyanda L; Thea DM; Chilengi R; Kwenda G; Department of Postgraduate Studies and Research, School of Medicine, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    BACKGROUND: Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the bacterial pathogens associated with childhood pneumonia, but its clinical importance is not clearly defined. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the microbiologic and virulence characteristics of M. catarrhalis isolates obtained from children with pneumonia in Lusaka, Zambia. METHODS: This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed 91 M. catarrhalis isolates from induced sputum samples of children less than 5 years of age with pneumonia enrolled in the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study in Lusaka, Zambia between 2011 and 2014. Bacteria identification and virulence genes detection were performed by PCR and DNA sequencing, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS: All the M. catarrhalis isolates were obtained from good-quality sputum samples and were the predominant bacteria. These isolates harbored virulence genes copB (100%), ompE (69.2%), ompCD (71.4%), uspA1 (92.3%), and uspA2 (69.2%) and were all β-lactamase producers. They showed resistance to ampicillin (100%), amoxicillin (100%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (92.3%), ciprofloxacin (46.2%), chloramphenicol (45.1%), erythromycin (36.3%), tetracycline (25.3%), cefuroxime (11.0%), and amoxicillin-clavulanate (2.2%), with 71.4% displaying multi-drug resistant phenotype but all susceptible to imipenem (100%). CONCLUSION: This study showed that M. catarrhalis isolates were the predominant or only bacterial isolates from the sputum samples analyzed. The findings provide supportive evidence for the pathogenic potential role of this bacterium in pediatric pneumonia. High multidrug resistance was also observed amongst the isolates, which can result in affected patients not responding to standard treatment, leading to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and risk of death.