Browsing by Author "Simunyandi M"

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    Comparing growth velocity of HIV exposed and non-exposed infants: An observational study of infants enrolled in a randomized control trial in Zambia.
    (2021) Chilyabanyama ON; Chilengi R; Laban NM; Chirwa M; Simunyandi M; Hatyoka LM; Ngaruye I; Iqbal NT; Bosomprah S; College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; Research Division, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; African Centre of Excellence in Data Science (ACEDS), University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    BACKGROUND: Impaired growth among infants remains one of the leading nutrition problems globally. In this study, we aimed to compare the growth trajectory rate and evaluate growth trajectory characteristics among children, who are HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV unexposed uninfected (HUU), under two years in Zambia. METHOD: Our study used data from the ROVAS II study (PACTR201804003096919), an open-label randomized control trial of two verses three doses of live, attenuated, oral RotarixTM administered 6 &10 weeks or at 6 &10 weeks plus an additional dose at 9 months of age, conducted at George clinic in Lusaka, Zambia. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were collected on all scheduled and unscheduled visits. We defined linear growth velocity as the rate of change in height and estimated linear growth velocity as the first derivative of the mixed effect model with fractional polynomial transformations and, thereafter, used the second derivative test to determine the peak height and age at peak heigh. RESULTS: We included 212 infants in this study with median age 6 (IQR: 6-6) weeks of age. Of these 97 (45.3%) were female, 35 (16.4%) were stunted, and 59 (27.6%) were exposed to HIV at baseline. Growth velocity was consistently below the 3rd percentile of the WHO linear growth standard for HEU and HUU children. The peak height and age at peak height among HEU children were 74.7 cm (95% CI = 73.9-75.5) and 15.5 months (95% CI = 14.7-16.3) respectively and those for HUU were 73 cm (95% CI = 72.1-74.0) and 15.6 months (95% CI = 14.5-16.6) respectively. CONCLUSION: We found no difference in growth trajectories between infants who are HEU and HUU. However, the data suggests that poor linear growth is universal and profound in this cohort and may have already occurred in utero.
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    Ecological Niche Modeling of
    (2023-Sep-08) Velu RM; Kwenda G; Bosomprah S; Chisola MN; Simunyandi M; Chisenga CC; Bumbangi FN; Sande NC; Simubali L; Mburu MM; Tembo J; Bates M; Simuunza MC; Chilengi R; Orba Y; Sawa H; Simulundu E; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; Department of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Eden University, Lusaka P.O. Box 37727, Zambia.; International Collaboration Unit, Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka P.O. Box 51925, Zambia.; Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG13, Ghana.; National Malaria Elimination Centre, Chainama Hills Hospital Grounds, Lusaka P.O. Box 32509, Zambia.; HerpeZ, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.; Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7TS, UK.; Macha Research Trust, Choma P.O. Box 630166, Zambia.; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.; Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan.; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    The circulation of both West Nile Virus (WNV) and Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) in humans and animals, coupled with a favorable tropical climate for mosquito proliferation in Zambia, call for the need for a better understanding of the ecological and epidemiological factors that govern their transmission dynamics in this region. This study aimed to examine the contribution of climatic variables to the distribution of
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    Mosquito-Borne Viral Pathogens Detected in Zambia: A Systematic Review.
    (2021-Aug-10) Velu RM; Kwenda G; Libonda L; Chisenga CC; Flavien BN; Chilyabanyama ON; Simunyandi M; Bosomprah S; Sande NC; Changula K; Muleya W; Mburu MM; Mubemba B; Chitanga S; Tembo J; Bates M; Kapata N; Orba Y; Kajihara M; Takada A; Sawa H; Chilengi R; Simulundu E; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia.; School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe P.O. Box 21692, Zambia.; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek Private Bag 13301, Namibia.; HerpeZ Infection Research and Training, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka Private Bag RW1X Ridgeway, Lusaka P.O. Box 10101, Zambia.; Global Virus Network, 725 W Lombard St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.; Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Africa Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG13, Ghana.; School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.; Zambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka P.O. Box 30205, Zambia.; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Macha Research Trust, Choma P.O. Box 630166, Zambia.; Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.; Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.; Department of Disease Control and Prevention, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Eden University, Lusaka P.O. Box 37727, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
    Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases are a threat to global health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence of mosquito-borne viral pathogens reported in Zambia. A search of literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 1 January 1930 to 30 June 2020 using a combination of keywords. Eight mosquito-borne viruses belonging to three families,