Browsing by Author "Sivile S"

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Alcohol-focused and transdiagnostic treatments for unhealthy alcohol use among adults with HIV in Zambia: A 3-arm randomized controlled trial.
(2023-Apr) Vinikoor MJ; Sharma A; Murray LK; Figge CJ; Bosomprah S; Chitambi C; Paul R; Kanguya T; Sivile S; Nghiem V; Cropsey K; Kane JC; Zambian Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.; Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; School of Medicine, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. Electronic address: michael.vinikoor@cidrz.org.; School of Medicine, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; CIDRZ; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
BACKGROUND: Clinical and quality of life outcomes in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are undermined by unhealthy alcohol use (UAU), which is highly prevalent in this population and is often complicated by mental health (MH) or other substance use (SU) comorbidity. In sub-Saharan Africa, evidence-based and implementable treatment options for people with HIV and UAU are needed. METHODS: We are conducting a hybrid clinical effectiveness-implementation trial at three public-sector HIV clinics in Lusaka, Zambia. Adults with HIV, who report UAU, and have suboptimal HIV clinical outcomes, will be randomized to one of three arms: an alcohol-focused brief intervention (BI), the BI with additional referral to a transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (Common Elements Treatment Approach [CETA]), or standard of care. The BI and CETA will be provided by HIV peer counselors, a common cadre of lay health worker in Zambia. Clinical outcomes will include HIV viral suppression, alcohol use, assessed by audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) and direct alcohol biomarkers, Phophatidylethanol and Ethyl glucuronide, and comorbid MH and other SU. A range of implementation outcomes including cost effectiveness will also be analyzed. CONCLUSION: Hybrid and 3-arm trial design features facilitate the integrated evaluation of both brief, highly implementable, and more intensive, less implementable, treatment options for UAU among PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa. Use of ACASI and alcohol biomarkers will strengthen understanding of treatment effects.
Geospatial Patterns of Progress towards UNAIDS "95-95-95" Targets and Community Vulnerability in Zambia.
(2023-Apr-26) Cuadros DF; Chowdhury T; Milali M; Citron D; Nyimbili S; Vlahakis N; Savory T; Mulenga L; Sivile S; Zyambo K; Bershteyn A; National HIV Program, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.; Digital Epidemiology Laboratory, Digital Futures, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.
In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV/AIDS remains a leading cause of death. The UNAIDS established the "95-95-95" targets to improve HIV care continuum outcomes. Using geospatial data from the Zambia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (ZAMPHIA), this study aims to investigate geospatial patterns in the "95-95-95" indicators and individual-level determinants that impede HIV care continuum in vulnerable communities, providing insights into the factors associated with gaps. This study used data from the 2016 ZAMPHIA to investigate the geospatial distribution and individual-level determinants of engagement across the HIV care continuum in Zambia. Gaussian kernel interpolation and optimized hotspot analysis were used to identify geospatial patterns in the HIV care continuum, while geospatial k-means clustering was used to partition areas into clusters. The study also assessed healthcare availability, access, and social determinants of healthcare utilization. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between selected sociodemographic and behavioral covariates and the three main outcomes of study. Varied progress towards the "95-95-95" targets were observed in different regions of Zambia. Each "95" displayed a unique geographic pattern, independent of HIV prevalence, resulting in four distinct geographic clusters. Factors associated with gaps in the "95s" include younger age, male sex, and low wealth, with younger individuals having higher odds of not being on ART and having detectable viral loads. Our study revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the HIV care continuum in Zambia, with different regions exhibiting unique geographic patterns and levels of performance in the "95-95-95" targets, highlighting the need for geospatial tailored interventions to address the specific needs of different subnational regions. These findings underscore the importance of addressing differential regional gaps in HIV diagnosis, enhancing community-level factors, and developing innovative strategies to improve local HIV care continuum outcomes.
Geospatial patterns of progress towards UNAIDS '95-95-95' targets and community vulnerability in Zambia: insights from population-based HIV impact assessments.
(2023-Oct) Cuadros DF; Chowdhury T; Milali M; Citron DT; Nyimbili S; Vlahakis N; Savory T; Mulenga L; Sivile S; Zyambo KD; Bershteyn A; Digital Epidemiology Laboratory, Digital Futures, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.; National HIV Program, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.; Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.; Digital Epidemiology Laboratory, Digital Futures, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA diego.cuadros@uc.edu.
INTRODUCTION: In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV/AIDS remains a leading cause of death. The UNAIDS established the '95-95-95' targets to improve HIV care continuum outcomes. Using geospatial data from the Zambia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (ZAMPHIA), this study aims to investigate geospatial patterns in the '95-95-95' indicators and individual-level determinants that impede HIV care continuum in vulnerable communities, providing insights into the factors associated with gaps. METHODS: This study used data from the 2016 ZAMPHIA to investigate the geospatial distribution and individual-level determinants of engagement across the HIV care continuum in Zambia. Gaussian kernel interpolation and optimised hotspot analysis were used to identify geospatial patterns in the HIV care continuum, while geospatial k-means clustering was used to partition areas into clusters. The study also assessed healthcare availability, access and social determinants of healthcare utilisation. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between selected sociodemographic and behavioural covariates and the three main outcomes of study. RESULTS: Varied progress towards the '95-95-95' targets were observed in different regions of Zambia. Each '95' displayed a unique geographical pattern, independent of HIV prevalence, resulting in four distinct geographical clusters. Factors associated with gaps in the '95s' include younger age, male sex, and low wealth, with younger individuals having higher odds of not being on antiretroviral therapy and having detectable viral loads. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the HIV care continuum in Zambia, with different regions exhibiting unique geographical patterns and levels of performance in the '95-95-95' targets, highlighting the need for geospatial tailored interventions to address the specific needs of different subnational regions. These findings underscore the importance of addressing differential regional gaps in HIV diagnosis, enhancing community-level factors and developing innovative strategies to improve local HIV care continuum outcomes.