Pediatric HIV-HBV Coinfection in Lusaka, Zambia: Prevalence and Short-Term Treatment Outcomes.

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dc.contributor.affiliationCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
dc.contributor.affiliationDepartment of Pediatrics, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
dc.contributor.affiliationGillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA peebles.kathryn@gmail.com.
dc.contributor.affiliationCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
dc.contributor.affiliationCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
dc.contributor.affiliationCIDRZ
dc.contributor.affiliationCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ)
dc.contributor.authorPeebles K
dc.contributor.authorNchimba L
dc.contributor.authorChilengi R
dc.contributor.authorBolton Moore C
dc.contributor.authorMubiana-Mbewe M
dc.contributor.authorVinikoor MJ
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-23T11:42:04Z
dc.date.issued2015-Dec
dc.description.abstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Africa, where it may occur as an HIV coinfection. Data remain limited on HIV-HBV epidemiology in Africa, particularly in children. Using programmatic data from pediatric HIV clinics in Lusaka, Zambia during 2011-2014, we analyzed the prevalence of chronic HBV coinfection (defined as a single positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] test) and its impact on immune recovery and liver enzyme elevation (LEE) during the first year of antiretroviral therapy. Among 411 children and adolescents, 10.4% (95% confidence interval, 7.6-14.1) had HIV-HBV. Coinfected patients were more likely to have World Health Organization stage 3/4, LEE and CD4 <14% at care entry (all p < 0.05). During treatment, CD4 increases and LEE incidence were similar by HBsAg status. HBsAg positivity decreased (11.8% vs. 6.6%; p = 0.24) following HBV vaccine introduction. These findings support screening pediatric HIV patients in Africa for HBV coinfection. Dedicated cohorts are needed to assess long-term outcomes of coinfection.
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/tropej/fmv058
dc.identifier.urihttps://pubs.cidrz.org/handle/123456789/10609
dc.sourceJournal of tropical pediatrics
dc.titlePediatric HIV-HBV Coinfection in Lusaka, Zambia: Prevalence and Short-Term Treatment Outcomes.

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