Exploring the Post-Repair Health Outcomes Among Women Treated for Obstetric Fistula at the Women and Newborn Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract

<jats:p>Obstetric fistula remains a significant public health problem in low-resource settings, with profound physical, social, and psychological consequences for affected women. While surgical repair is the primary treatment, little is known about the lived experiences of women following repair, particularly in the Zambian context. This study aimed to explore the experiences of women after obstetric fistula repair at The Women and Newborn Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia, with specific focus on physical health outcomes, social reintegration, and access to follow-up care. A qualitative study using a phenomenological design was conducted among women who had undergone obstetric fistula repair. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key patterns and themes. The findings revealed that although many women experienced successful fistula closure, a significant number continued to report residual urinary incontinence and related physical challenges. Social reintegration was often difficult, with participants describing experiences of stigma, marital instability, and challenges in resuming economic activities. Barriers to accessing follow-up care were also identified, including financial constraints, long distances to health facilities, and limited availability of structured psychosocial support services. Despite these challenges, many participants demonstrated resilience through coping mechanisms such as family support, faith, and gradual reintegration into community life. The study concludes that recovery following obstetric fistula repair extends beyond surgical intervention and requires a holistic, patient-centered approach that addresses physical, social, and psychological needs. Strengthening follow-up care, integrating psychosocial support, and addressing barriers to healthcare access are essential for improving long-term outcomes among fistula survivors.</jats:p>